Journal of Dentomaxillofacil Radiology, Pathology and Surgery
Volume:4 Issue: 1, Spring 2015

Introdouction: Periodontal treatment could have a positive effect on diabetes control. In this study, the researchers evaluated the efficacy of utilizing glucometer devices to detect glycemic levels in dental offices on inducing motivation towards the oral health care of diabetic patients. Eighty volunteer patients with moderate periodontitis were selected for participation in one of the two groups (40 diabetic patients and 40 non-diabetics); the two groups were unified based on age and sex. Each participant’s baseline blood glucose level with 2 hours post-prandial test (2 hpp) and periodontal parameters of CAL, PI, and BI were measured, and the two groups underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment accompanied by comprehensive oral hygiene instructions. Then, 2 hpp was measured using a glucometer after 1 week and 1 month. All periodontal parameters were evaluated again 1 month after non-surgical treatment. The pattern of changes in 2 hpp mean values over time was not similar for the two groups. In the diabetic patients, the mean of 2 hpp values after 1 week (T1) and 1 month (T2) significantly decreased when compared with that at baseline (T0) (both p < 0.001). Moreover, the mean of 2 hpp values at T2 was significantly lower than that of T1 (p < 0.001). All periodontal parameters significantly decreased at T2 compared to T0 in both groups, but the difference between two time points was significantly higher only for CAL in the diabetic group compared to the non-diabetic group (p = 0.022). The use of a glucometer, as a proactive behavior to increase motivation, was not as effective as oral hygiene instructions on plaque control improvement in diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis.

Introdouction: Although highly desirable outcomes and longterm survival of dental implant treatments are well documented, implant failures still occur due to various reasons. Several risk factors may impair implant survival including implant dimensions (length, diameter, and implant design), procedures, local bone density at the implant site, and patient-related risk factors such as age, smoking, and history of periodontal disease, diabetes mellitus, and osteoporosis. Implant failures are classified as early (failure to establish osseointegration) and late (failure to maintain osseointegration) failures. This retrospective study evaluated the survival rates and the associated risk factors of dental implants. A retrospective cohort of 969 Biomet 3i dental implants from two private practices between 2008 and 2011 were evaluated. The implants were evaluated based on the following parameters: age and sex, smoking, and diameter and surface characteristics of implants. All the dental implants were from a single manufacturer, Biomet 3i (West Palm Beach, FL, USA) with two surface modifications including dual acid-etched with calcium phosphate nanoparticles (Nano- Tite) or acid-etched (OSSEOTITE). Overall success and failure rates of Biomet 3i implants were 97.11% (n = 941) and 2.88% (n = 28), respectively. Among the risk factors, smoking significantly correlated with the increased failure rate of implants (p = 0.041). No significant relationship was observed between other risk factors and the survival rate of dental implants. The overall survival rate of Biomet 3i dental implants was considerably high. Smoking is a major risk factor that is positively correlated to the failure rate of dental implants. More prospective clinical trials are required to evaluate the exact effect of other risk factors on the implants.

Introdouction: During the past few decades, dental educators have addressed the need for ethics training and have examined various teaching methods. At present, the formulation of comprehensive ethical standards and emphasis on education of its principals have been the subject of debate within the medical profession. Learning elements are available as established educational curriculum. However, students also learn from their experiences in clinical settings. This study aims to evaluate the perspective of dental students regarding professional ethics. A total of 81 (42 males, 39 females), dental students at Shiraz School of Dentistry were randomly selected. They were given provided two validated and reliable questionnaires regarding the students’ perspectives towards the standards of professional ethics and adherence of faculty members to the ethical principles. The data were analyzed using the t-test and one-way ANOVA. The average grades for males and females in the first questionnaire were 2.25 ± 0.34 and 2.04 ± 0.29, respectively. The average grade in the second questionnaire was 2.50 ± 0.48 for males and 2.47 ± 0.49 for females. In the first questionnaire, the 6th year, 5th year, and 4th year students obtained an average grade of 2.10 ± 0.30, 2.12 ± 0.40, and 2.53 ± 0.46, respectively, and the average grades in the second questionnaire were 2.44 ± 0.49, 2.45 ± 0.52, and 2.43 ± 0.46, respectively. Males had a better perspective regarding professional ethics compared with females. However, regarding the adherence of faculty members to ethical principles, there was no significant difference between the two sexes. None of the variables of age, year of study, and marital status had a significant effect on the students’ perspective of professional ethics.

Introdouction: Lichen planus is a chronic, relatively common, dermal mucosa disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) has introduced lichen planus as a premalignant condition. Ki-67 is a protein that can be detected in all active phases of the cell cycle, especially in the G2 and M phases. Considering the major role of Ki-67 in the regulation of the cell cycle and the fact that it is one of the conditions for pre-malignant potential and epithelial proliferation, the aim of this study was to evaluate Ki-67 expression in oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions. This study included 32 patients [16 with OLP and 16 with no OLP and a normal epithelium, which were considered the control group (CG)]. Demographic data was extracted from each patient’s file and documented in an information form. Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 was conducted using the EnVision method. P value was significant at <0.05. Ki-67 staining quality in the OLP group was significantly greater than the CG group according to both the Mann–Whitney test and quantity (p = 0.001). The average percentage of positive cells in the OLP group was 13.11, while the average in the CG group was 2.26. Ki-67 staining in OLPs was 87.5% (++) and 62% with a strong degree of staining. Age and gender differences were compared using the independent t-test; no significant statistical differences were noted between the two groups. Considering Ki-67 is a proliferation marker, the increased expression of Ki-67 in the OLP group’s epithelium indicates a high proliferation rate in lichen planus lesions.

Introdouction: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common oral cancer and the prognosis because of a late diagnosis remains poor despite numerous treatments. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationships between survival rate(SR) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and clinical,demographic, pathological, and molecular factors in Yazd city during 1998– 2008. Data related to 30 Yazdian patients with OSCC who were referred to Shahid Sadoughi Dental School and Hospital during 1998–2008 were evaluated according to census data. Clinical and histopathological data were gathered via phone calls, and archived specimens were immunohistochemically stained to examine the cell proliferation index (Ki-67), the anti-apoptotic index (bcl2), and a tumor suppressor indicator(p53). The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (V.17) via a Kaplan–Meier analysis, and p <0.05 was considered significant. Eighteen cases (60%) were females and 12(40%) were males. The mean 5-year SR was lower in men than women and in patients >50 years of age than <50 years, the mean SR from lowest to highest were record to labial, lingual and intraoral involvement respectively and for smokers and patients with a moderate disease grade(II) and intense p53 staining tended to be lower than other categories; however, the differences were not significant. The overall 5-year SR of patients was 55% in this study, and the mean survival was 6.6 years. The SR was lower in older men and smokers Therefore, a more radical treatment and longer follow-upafter treatment for older male smokers are recommended.